16 Mart 2023 Perşembe

Travel Constipation

 

Constipation

Many people who travel get constipated on the go and seek natural constipation remedies during vacation to avoid the uncomfortable bloating and gas associated with their tummy. Understanding the causes of this problem can help travelers cope with the problem and get relief from a period of constipation.

Reasons

  • Dehydration: This is the main reason usually encountered during travel. In cases where there is no easy access to water and bathrooms, it is very difficult not to suffer from fluid loss. Public toilets are very hard to come by when visiting and touring big cities, so people tend to drink less water.
  • Food: Nearly all meals are eaten out when people travel. Also, the majority of these foods are unhealthy and not rich in fiber and nutrients to keep the colons functioning. Being stressed during the travel schedule increases sweet cravings, so travelers consume more sugar. Lack of fiber and increased sugar also cause constipation. Finally, radiation exposure during an airway visit kills beneficial bacteria and makes food difficult to absorb.
  • Meal schedule: The body is a habitual formation, accustomed to eating at the same time and going to the toilet at the same time. With travel, sleeping and eating begin to occur at different times than usual. This also becomes confusing for the body so constipation relief becomes more difficult.

Treatment

  • Meals: Packing healthy meals while traveling is a great way to avoid constipation. This is also a good start for starting the journey and preventing overeating once the destination is reached. Another good way to avoid constipation is to stick to a certain eating habit, such as raw foods (carrots, broccoli, etc.) that your gut is used to digesting. Raw foods have more fiber and are a great constipation cure.
  • Movement: Travelers can find creative ways to stay active while traveling. When on an airplane, using the seat belt can be a good way to move. Going out for a walk instead of on a bus tour is also a good way to get your guts working.
  • Water: They should drink as much water as possible with the person traveling. Water is a very important factor in digestion and to prevent constipation. Decaffeinated tea and low-sugar fruit juices are also good ways to stay hydrated while traveling. Drink plenty of water before thirst occurs. When the body first felt thirsty, it was probably dehydrated.Relief from constipation while traveling is difficult for many travelers, but the most important treatment for constipation is movement, fiber and fluid intake. If these don't cure constipation on the go, it's also easy to take supplements. Some constipation treatments, such as regularity, retain water in the colon for lighter stools, provide fiber diffusion against bloating, replenish good bacteria that help fight bad bacteria, and provide nutrients for healthy colon movements.


Landslide

 

Landslides

Landslides, which are defined as the downhill movement of soil, rubble or rock mass, cause significant destruction. geological, climatic, geographical features and landslides occur frequently due to incorrect land use and often turn into disasters by repeating.

Regions with a humid climate, where long-term and abundant precipitation are effective, are the most affected by landslides are the regions where it is observed frequently and intensely. Social and economic losses caused by landslides in these regions are the most regions where it is high.

In different movement mechanisms such as flowing, sliding, falling and overturning landslides occur under the control of regionally significant geological, morphological and physical factors is coming.

Landslides are the destructive force of floods increasing loss of life and property increases.

Floods cause landslides while landslides increases the destructive power of floods. In this situation flood sizes are also increasing, loss of life and property increases.


PROTECTION FROM LANDSCAPES AND REDUCING THEIR DAMAGES

WHERE ARE LANDSCAP SENSITIVE AREAS?

Former landslide zones
Top and heel sections of natural slopes
Upper and heel cuts of old fillings
Top and heel sections of very steep and deep slopes
Hilly areas where waste systems are used and settlements develop

WHERE ARE THE SAFE AREAS FOR LANDSCAPES?

Slopes formed by hard and massive rocks where no movement has occurred in the past
Relatively low sloping lands where sudden changes in slope slope are not observed
Above or around the protruding ridges in the shape of the nose

WHAT TO DO WHEN SUSPECTED BY LANDSCAPING HAZARD?

The local government should be contacted immediately.
The environment that may be affected by the landslide should be informed.
Structures must be evacuated.


THINGS TO DO IN THE TIME OF LANDSCAPING

IF YOU ARE IN CLOSED AREA;

If you don't have enough time to exit the building and get away from the landslide area, stay inside
Perform the SLICK-STICK-HOLD movement by creating a life triangle under or next to solid items.

IF YOU ARE IN OPEN AREA;

In the event of danger, stay away from the path of a landslide or mud stream, and immediately move as high as possible and warn the people living around you against landslides.
If you don't have time to escape the mud and debris flow, or if you don't have a solid structure around to hide behind, protect your head and neck with the SHOCK-STICK-HOLD movement.


THINGS TO DO AFTER LANDSIDE

First of all, make sure you are safe. If necessary, secure yourself by moving away from the danger zone.
Turn off the electricity, gas and water sources near you immediately. Do not try to illuminate your location with matches or other flammable materials or electrical appliances until you are sure that there is no gas leak in your area. Use the flashlight.
If there are injured or needy people around, do not move them unless there is a danger such as fire or a new landslide.
Warn those around you about dangerous walls, roofs and chimneys and do not walk around them.
Listen to the warnings to be given to you by mass media such as radio and television.
Leave streets and streets blank for emergency vehicles.
Do not enter damaged buildings to get items.

15 Mart 2023 Çarşamba

Drought in East Africa affected 36.1 million people

 

Kuraklık


So far, 36.1 million people have been affected by the ongoing drought in Somalia, Ethiopia and Kenya. Three countries face great difficulties in accessing clean water and food due to drought.

Somalia, Ethiopia and Kenya are facing a major drought. Millions of people in 3 countries, which have received very little rainfall in the last 2 and a half years, continue their lives under difficult conditions. Throughout the region known as the Horn of Africa, 21 million people have difficulty in accessing food.

Kuraklık sebebiyle Afrika Boynuzu’nda 16,3 milyon kişi temiz suya ulaşmakta zorluklarla karşılaşıyor. 3 ülkede, 4,9 milyon çocuk ile 986,1 bin hamile ve bebek emziren kadın ise yetersiz besleniyor. Kuraklık dolayısıyla 8,9 milyon hayvanın öldüğü ifade ediliyor.    

Afrika Boynuzu’nda 2 milyona yakın kişi ise ülke içinde farklı noktalara göç etti. Çoğunlukla günler süren yaya yolculukları ile yapılan bu göçler sırasında hayatını kaybeden insanların sayısı ise tespit edilebilmiş değil. 


6 Mart 2023 Pazartesi

Why Are Hurricanes Always Given Female Names?

 

hurricane

For many, hurricane names are the most tangible manifestation of the sexist thinking that exists in the world. Because over the years, hurricane names have always been chosen from female names. Even though this situation has changed today, the reason why women's names are associated with hurricane names is a bit of a coincidence.
We all remember Hurricane Katrina that devastated the United States. Hurricanes Irene, Sandy, Isabel and many more are natural events that have had a huge impact around the world. So why aren't these hurricane names male names like John or Michael? In fact, hurricane names have been mixed with male and female names for a while, but for a long time, hurricanes were always referred to by female names.

For many, the use of female names as hurricane names was the epitome of sexist thinking in the world. Although it has not been a valid situation for a while, it has been on our minds that hurricanes, a terrible disaster that everyone fears, are named after women. Let's take a closer look at why hurricane names were chosen from female names, how it changed, what is the situation today.

It all started with meteorologists in love

Many people see the naming of women for a devastating natural disaster like a hurricane as sexist and insulting to women. However, this is not the case. The tradition of officially naming hurricanes began in 1953. Before this year, hurricanes were not named, making the work of the World Meteorological Organization difficult.

Meteorologists, who detected hurricanes named according to the region they originated from, named these disasters among themselves, just like an explorer who found a new space object. While choosing this name, they used the names of their beloved ones, who were the most precious. Considering that almost all of the meteorologists working in the early 1900s were male, it would not be difficult to guess that the names of hurricanes are also female names.

When we look at the root of the question of why hurricane names are chosen from female names, we actually see loving lovers instead of a sexist attitude. However, this situation changes in 1953, when hurricanes are officially named, and we come across some really disturbing thoughts.

'Hurricanes, like women, are unpredictable'

Excuse the title, this is the opinion of US officials, not ours. The United States of America, which is a region where hurricanes are experienced intensely in the world, has also affected the world in terms of hurricane names as it is a country that is influential in the world. Hurricanes were officially named for the first time in the United States in 1953.

When hurricane names were officially given, female names were preferred as a tradition for years. However, this took away the original love story of the event. US officials say, "Hurricanes are like women; unpredictable, difficult to discover, unknown when and how much damage it will cause.'

It is not known whether this thought is unique to the USA or whether the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) thought so, but for many years all over the world officially female names were given to hurricanes. Until women's rights activist Roxcy Bolton showed up and convinced the authorities to back off on the issue.

What can a young woman change?

Mississippi feminist and women's rights activist Roxcy Bolton, one of the founders of Florida Women's Organization, has made it her duty to defend the rights of women in the USA throughout her life, starting from the 1950s. In addition to his many effective works, the reason why he is the guest of this article is that it removes the sexist attitude applied in hurricane names.

Roxcy Bolton, who started to campaign with the official giving of female names to hurricanes in 1953, did not let go of this business for many years. His efforts were only able to bear fruit at the end of the 1970s. As a result of Bolton's campaigns, in 1979, the USA stopped giving only female names to hurricanes.

We don't know, maybe different women in different parts of the world may have protested such a sexist attitude and seeing women as a disaster. But when Roxcy Bolton died in May 2017, she was even mentioned in her obituary as the woman who changed the names of the hurricanes. The best answer to those who think about what a young woman can change.


How are hurricanes named today?,

Although things started to change thanks to Roxcy Bolton, the change did not come in a day. For many years, there were those who said that male names did not reflect the fear of hurricanes. In fact, in a Washington Post article published in 1986, it was harshly argued that male names do not reflect the necessary romance and urgency.

For some time, hurricanes have been called by both male and female names. Except for the initials q, u, x, y, and z, 21 special male and female names are chosen every 6 years, and hurricanes are referred to by this name, respectively. If there are more than 21 hurricanes that year, the Greek alphabet comes into play.

Click here the 6-year hurricane names plans determined by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, that is, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, via the link here. The names of all the hurricanes that are expected to occur in different regions until 2026 are known as of today. Hopefully they won't have to use it.

We talked about the reasons why women's names, which are seen as the most concrete form of sexist thought, are used as hurricane names, and we talked about how things work today. Sometimes, even if the traditions appear for innocent reasons, there is no harm in updating them according to the conditions of the day.



Moon phases

 


The moon, which is our light source at night, is a very important source for us. The moon is in constant motion, just like the earth. This causes the shapes of the moon to look different. The alignment of the moon and sun in the sky is called the phases of the moon. The side of the moon that is illuminated by the sun is called the phase of the moon. The phase of the moon changes every day. The phases of the moon are in constant motion, but it takes a total of twenty-nine and a half days to complete one full phase.

Beginning as a new moon, the phases of the moon take many forms, from crescent to full moon. The moon is actually a source that reflects the light it receives from the sun to us. That is, the moon has no light of its own.

How are moon phases formed?

The moon, which illuminates the earth with the light it receives from the sun at night, takes place in the orbit of the earth. The fact that the Earth is in motion allows us to see the side of the moon that reflects the sun's light. Due to the constantly moving world, some parts of the moon are visible and some are not. This is explained as the reason for the formation of the phases of the moon. The beginning and the end of the phases of the moon find a total of one month. Completing one phase of the moon takes a week, a total of seven days.

What are moon phases?

The moon, one of the natural satellites of the solar system, has six phases. Reflecting the light it receives from the sun, one side of the moon is bright, while the other side is dark. We also think that some of the moon is visible and some of it is not. When the moon passes between the earth and the sun, it is not visible to the naked eye, and this is called a "new moon".

The new moon is defined as the first phase of the moon. However, there are some exceptional cases where the new moon is seen. For example, the new moon may appear from the earth during a solar eclipse. After the new moon, the moon goes into the "crescent" phase. The moon takes the shape of a crescent when it is east of the sun. The crescent shape is briefly visible to the west after sunset. Afterwards, the moon moves into its other phase, the "first quarter" phase.

About two weeks after the new moon phase, the moon passing into this phase appears as a semicircle. During the first quarter, the moon faces the sun at a 90-degree angle. After the first four, the moon passes into the "bulging moon" phase, and faces the sun between 90 and 180 degrees in this phase. After this phase, the moon becomes a 'full moon'. During this phase, the moon appears as a full circle and is bright and full. The most beloved and glamorous aspect of the moon is during the full moon. This phase of the moon, which passes into its last phase after the full moon, is called the "last quarter".

When viewed from the earth, it is seen that the left half of the moon is illuminated. The Moon completes one full cycle by passing into its last phase, that is, the last quarter phase, in twenty-nine and a half days from the new moon. After this completion, it goes back to the new moon phase and completes all phases continuously. If we list the phases of the moon as a list, we can explain it as follows;

• New month
The moon is in its first phase. It is not visible from the earth except during a solar eclipse.

• Crescent
The second phase of the moon, the crescent, appears as the sun goes down.

• First Quarter
In its third phase, the moon takes the shape of a semicircle.

• Bulging Moon
In this phase, the moon is in its fourth phase and is 90 degrees opposite the sun.

• Full Moon
The moon in the fifth phase has a full and very bright appearance during the full moon.

• Last Quarter
When the moon is in its final phase, it is seen that the left half of the earth is illuminated when viewed from the earth.


5 Mart 2023 Pazar

Risk factors for Stroke

 

stroke

Anyone can have a stroke at any age. Because some risk factors increase the likelihood of stroke, the best way to protect yourself and your loved ones from stroke is to know these risk factors and understand how to manage them.

You may not be able to control some of the risk factors for stroke, such as age or family history, but you can reduce your risk of stroke by controlling other risk factors. Stroke can occur in both men and women. Some factors that we cannot control, such as age, gender, race or ethnicity, can increase the risk of stroke: Age is the most important risk factor for stroke. The risk of stroke increases as you get older. Over the age of 55, the risk of stroke doubles every 10 years. However, the risk of stroke is quite high under the age of 65. Gender, stroke is more common in men than women in most age groups. However, the probability of death from stroke is higher in women than in men. Pregnancy and use of birth control pills can increase the risk of stroke in women. Race or ethnicity, the risk of stroke is nearly twice as high for blacks as for whites, and blacks have a higher stroke death rate than whites.

Many diseases can increase the risk of stroke. For risk control, be sure to consult your doctor and have regular check-ups at centers where you can have check-ups suitable for your family history, age, gender and risk factors.

previous stroke or transient ischemic attack; If you have a known previous stroke or transient ischemic attack, you have a higher risk of having another stroke.

Hypertension; High blood pressure is a major risk factor for stroke, and lowering blood pressure with medications or lifestyle changes can reduce the risk of stroke.

High Cholesterol; Cholesterol is made by the liver, or a waxy, fat-like substance found in certain foods, which our liver makes enough for the body's needs, but we usually get more cholesterol than we need from the foods we eat. If we take in more cholesterol than our body can use, the extra cholesterol can build up in the arteries, including in the brain. This accumulation can lead to narrowing of the vessels, stroke and other problems.

Heart disease; Many heart diseases can increase the risk of stroke. Coronary artery disease forms plaques in the arteries, reducing the flow of oxygen-rich blood to the brain and increasing the risk of stroke. Heart valve defects, irregular heartbeats such as atrial fibrillation, and other heart conditions such as enlarged heart chambers can cause embolism and stroke.

Diabetes; Since diabetes also increases the risk of stroke, managing diabetes correctly reduces the risk.

Sickle Cell Disease; It is a blood disease associated with ischemic stroke, in which red blood cells are in an abnormal sickle shape. These sickle-shaped cells can attach to a blood vessel, blocking blood flow to the brain, leading to paralysis.

Lifestyle and Habits; Your lifestyle choices can affect your risk of stroke. To reduce the risk, your doctor may suggest lifestyle changes. Your healthy lifestyle can reduce the risk of stroke.

Unhealthy Diet; Diets high in saturated fat, trans fat and cholesterol increase the risk of heart disease and stroke. Too much salt (sodium) in the diet can increase blood pressure levels and increase the risk of stroke.

Physical Inactivity; Inadequate physical activity along with other risk factors such as obesity, high blood pressure, high cholesterol and diabetes increases the risk of stroke. You can reduce your risk of stroke with regular physical activity.

Obesity; In obesity, there is excess fat in the body, “bad” cholesterol and triglyceride levels are high and “good” cholesterol levels are low. In addition to heart disease, it leads to high blood pressure and diabetes, increasing the risk of stroke.

Excessive use of alcohol; can increase blood pressure levels and the risk of stroke. It also hardens the arteries, increases triglycerides and blood fats.

Tobacco use; It increases the risk of stroke and can damage the heart and blood vessels. Also, nicotine raises blood pressure, reducing the amount of oxygen the blood can carry. Exposure to secondhand smoke from other people (passive smoking) can increase the risk of stroke, even in non-smokers.


Modifiable risk factors for stroke;
  • Hypertension (High Blood Pressure)
  • Diabetes
  • Hyperlipidemia (high fat, especially bad cholesterol called LDL-cholesterol)
  • Atrial fibrillation (a kind of rhythm disorder in the heart)
  • Heart diseases
  • Smoking
  • Alcohol use
  • Obesity
  • physical inactivity
  • Nutrition habits
  • Neck vascular occlusions that have not yet given symptoms (asymptomatic carotid stenosis)        


Non Modifiable risk factors for stroke;
  • Age
  • Gender
  • Race
  • family history
  • History of previous stroke and transient ischemic attack

What is a Seasonal Allergy? Seasonal Allergy Symptoms


seasonal allergy symptoms

Allergic diseases that occur in spring; It is known as seasonal allergic rhinitis, seasonal allergic asthma and seasonal allergic conjunctivitis. These diseases occur during the pollination time of meadow grasses, weeds, cereal crops and trees (in March - August), and sometimes they may appear as allergic rhinitis and allergic asthma attacks in autumn months due to the effect of mold fungi.

What are the triggers and symptoms of seasonal allergies?

The triggers of seasonal allergies are house dust mites, cat and dog antigens, indoor molds and cockroach antigens indoors. Outdoors, it is meadow, grass, tree pollen and outdoor molds.

Symptoms of seasonal allergies are nasal discharge, itching, sneezing, congestion, itchy eyes, watering, itching on the palate, shortness of breath, chest tightness, dry cough. The incidence of seasonal allergies after the age of 10 is 10-15%, and these ailments can occur suddenly at any time in life.

What are the symptoms of seasonal allergies mixed with?

Since the symptoms of seasonal allergic diseases are similar, they can be confused with non-allergic rhinitis, vasomotor, infectious, hormonal and drug-induced rhinitis. Allergic rhinitis can also be accompanied by diseases such as rhinosinusitis, conjunctivitis, nasal polyps, otitis, sleep disorders and asthma. Seasonal allergic diseases occur with the interaction of genetic susceptibility, environmental factors and triggers. Seasonal allergic rhinitis is frequently seen in the family members of patients with allergic asthma with similar diseases.

How are seasonal allergies related to asthma?

Allergic rhinitis and asthma often coexist in the same individual. 80% of individuals with asthma have allergic rhinitis, and 40% of patients with allergic rhinitis have asthma. There are 3 different methods in the diagnosis of seasonal allergies.
- Evaluation of the complaint and the story
- Physical examination (Complete examination of the nose, eyes and respiratory system)
- Skin tests (Prick tests)

Prick skin tests are the most commonly used tests for diagnosis. These tests are inexpensive, simple, sensitive and give immediate results. In cases where allergy tests cannot be performed when necessary, the diagnosis is made by measuring specific "IgE" in the blood.

What are the treatment options for seasonal allergies?

Periodic treatment is applied in allergic rhinitis. The treatment can be applied in 3 steps.
- Prevention therapy: Avoiding allergens that cause allergic diseases and taking preventive measures. This is difficult with pollen allergy.
- Drug therapy: (pharmacotherapy): Antihistamines, intranasal corticosteroids, leukotriene antagonists, oral decongestants, intranasal anticholinergics are used.
- Vaccine Treatment (immunotherapy): There is no definitive treatment that eliminates seasonal allergic diseases. The only treatment that changes the natural course of allergic diseases is immunotherapy, that is, vaccine treatment.

What are the precautions that patients can take in their daily life?

If patients have increased complaints about pollen and seasonal allergies in the spring months, spending their time indoors more in April-May, changing their clothes after returning home and taking a shower, and not doing sports activities in the morning when pollen is high in the atmosphere are among the precautions they can take. In addition, untreated allergic diseases reduce the quality of life of the individual, as well as increase the severity of the disease and increase the probability of developing allergic asthma.


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